As caretakers of our equine companions, ensuring they receive proper nutrition is paramount to their health, vitality, and overall well-being. From forage to concentrates, supplements, and treats, the world of horse food offers many options to meet horses' diverse nutritional needs. 

As herbivores, horses are adapted to consume a diet primarily consisting of forage, such as grasses and hay, which provide essential nutrients such as fibre, protein, vitamins, and minerals.

In addition to forage, horses may require concentrates, such as grains or pelleted feeds, to meet their energy needs, particularly for horses with higher activity levels or specific dietary requirements. Furthermore, supplements and treats can provide additional nutrients or reward and reinforce desired behaviours.

Forage

Forage, such as grasses and hay, forms the foundation of the equine diet and provides essential nutrients such as fibre, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Grass hay, such as timothy, orchard grass, or bermudagrass, is a staple forage option for horses and provides fibre and nutrients.

Additionally, legume hay, such as alfalfa or clover, can be fed to horses as a source of protein and calcium, particularly for young, growing horses or lactating mares. Proper storage and handling of hay are essential to maintain its quality and nutritional value, ensuring that horses receive the essential nutrients they need to thrive.

Concentrates

Concentrates, such as grains or pelleted feeds, are often used to supplement the equine diet and provide additional energy, particularly for horses with higher activity levels or specific dietary requirements. Common grains used in horse feeds include oats, corn, barley, and wheat, which provide carbohydrates and energy for horses engaged in moderate to heavy work.

Pelleted feeds, on the other hand, offer a convenient and balanced source of nutrients, including protein, vitamins, and minerals, in a compact form. These feeds are formulated to meet the specific nutritional needs of horses at different life stages, activity levels, and dietary requirements, making them a versatile option for equine nutrition.

Supplements

Supplements are often used to address specific nutritional deficiencies or health concerns in horses, such as joint support, digestive health, or coat condition. Common supplements for horses include joint supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate, probiotics for digestive health, and omega-3 fatty acids for coat and skin health.

When considering supplements for your horse, consult with a veterinarian or equine nutritionist to determine the appropriate dosage and suitability for your horse's individual needs. Additionally, choose reputable brands that undergo rigorous testing and adhere to quality standards to ensure the safety and efficacy of the supplements.

Best Practices for Feeding Horses

Following best practices to promote optimal health and nutrition is essential when feeding horses. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind:

  • Provide access to fresh, clean water to ensure proper hydration and digestion.
  • Feed horses high-quality forage, such as grass hay or pasture, to meet their fibre and nutrient needs.
  • Monitor body condition and adjust feed rations accordingly to maintain a healthy weight and body condition score.
  • Feed concentrates and supplements are fed according to manufacturer recommendations, and a veterinarian or equine nutritionist is consulted for personalised recommendations.
  • Implement a regular feeding schedule to promote digestive health and minimise the risk of digestive disturbances such as colic or gastric ulcers.
  • Monitor forage quality and storage conditions to prevent mould, dust, or spoilage, which can compromise the feed's nutritional value.